Oestrogen vs. Phytoestrogens: Nature’s Twist on Hormones!

Phytoestrogens and oestrogen’s are both compounds that can interact with oestrogen receptors in the body, but they differ significantly in their origins and effects.

Differences Between Phytoestrogens and Oestrogen

1. Source:

• Oestrogen: Refers to hormones naturally produced by the body (specifically by the ovaries, adrenal glands, and in smaller amounts by other tissues).

• Phytoestrogens: Plant-derived compounds that can mimic estrogenic effects in the body due to their structural similarity but are not naturally produced by animals.

2. Strength:

• Oestrogen: Natural oestrogen’s, like estradiol, are much more potent in activating oestrogen receptors.

• Phytoestrogens: Typically have weaker oestrogenic effects compared to the body’s own oestrogen but can still have significant biological impacts, especially when natural oestrogen levels are low (like in menopause).

3. Effects:

• Oestrogen: Directly influences reproductive health, bone density, cardiovascular health, and more.

• Phytoestrogens: Can help reduce menopausal symptoms, and, in some studies, are thought to protect against certain cancers and osteoporosis due to their oestrogenic and antioxidant effects. However, their effects can vary based on the individual and their hormonal status.

Types of Oestrogen

There are three primary types of oestrogen in the body:

1. Oestradiol (E2): The most potent and predominant form of estrogen in premenopausal women, primarily produced by the ovaries.

2. Oestrone (E1): The main estrogen found in postmenopausal women, which is weaker and primarily produced by adipose (fat) tissue.

3. Oestriol (E3): The weakest form of oestrogen, mostly produced during pregnancy by the placenta.

Examples of Phytoestrogens

• Isoflavones: Found in soybeans, chickpeas, and other legumes. Examples include genistein and daidzein.

• Lignans: Found in flaxseeds, sesame seeds, and whole grains.

• Coumestans: Found in split peas, pinto beans, and clover.

Both oestrogen and phytoestrogens can interact with oestrogen receptors in the body but in different ways, which can lead to varying health effects.

Written by Karyn Campbell, Naturopath and Herbalist at Hābu Health. Karyn helps women 40+ navigate perimenopause with natural, evidence-based care that restores balance to hormones, gut, and mind.